Death Penalty Is Inhumane Essays - , Term Papers

Death Penalty Is Inhumane December 12, 1984. Georgia. After the first jolt failed to kill Alpha Otis Stephens, he struggled for eight minutes before a second jolt finished the job. The first electrical charge took two minutes. Then there was a six minute pause so his body could cool down before physicians could examine him and declare that another jolt was needed. During that six minute interval, Stephens took 23 breaths. (Radelet,1998) Countless studies have shown that the murder rate per capita has not gone down since capital punishment was legalized in 1976, but it has actually gone up. We also need to consider the fact that it costs taxpayers less to give a prisoner a life sentence without parole than it does to keep them on death row. There is no doubt that the death penalty is an expensive, inhumane, and an ineffective deterrent to crime. In 1972, the Supreme court decides that the death penalty is cruel and unusual punishment according to the eighth amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The Furman v. Georgia decision stopped the death penalty in America. Capital punishment in America went on a four year break. In 1976 it made a comeback. Two of the same justices that were in the supreme court for the Furman decision were still in the court. The case was Gregg v. Georgia, and it turned the nation around. The court now held that the death penalty does not invariably violate the Constitution. They went back on their word from four years ago. They pointed out that even the first congress of the US had enacted legislation providing the death penalty for certain crimes. So they put the enforcement of the death penalty into the hands of the states. Currently there are 36 states that practice the death penalty. Twenty-seven states use lethal injection, twelve use the electric chair, seven use the gas chamber, four still use the classic noose-and-rope technique of hanging, and Utah still uses the firing squad (though only once). (Bedau, 1997) The people that aren't being executed are spending more time on death row each and every year. The average stay in 1983 was just over four years. that number has nearly tripled since then, with the average stay being 125 months. (Tushner, 1994) Many people seem to think that by killing a person we are saving the taxpayer's money. But in reality, holding a prisoner on death row is more expensive than holding them in prison without the possibility of parole. It costs up to three times the amount to keep a prisoner on death row than it would be to keep them in prison for the rest of their lives. Capital cases cost at least $2.6 million more per execution in some states. The most extensive study in the country found that the death penalty costs North Carolina $2 million per execution over the costs of a non-death penalty murder case with a sentence imprisonment for life. On a national basis, these figures come out to an extra cost of half a billion dollars since 1976 for having the death penalty. In Texas, a death penalty case costs an average of $2.3 million, about three times the cost of imprisoning someone in a single cell at the highest security level for 40 years. (Justice For All Network,1997) A lot of the expenses come from the long drawn out appeals process that we are giving our criminals, and the court appointed attorneys that they are receiving. Speaking of which, the poor and mentally ill are being sent to death row much quicker than the rich. Why? Because they cannot afford a good lawyer. They are sent to the court and usually end up with a court appointed attorney, who could usually care less what happens in the case. Most of them also have very little experience in capital cases. Richard Lacayo's article shows that. He says that some cities are trying to change things so that the court appointed attorneys have a little help by setting up public-defender offices. But there are still so many places that rely on the list of local lawyers to draw from for their capital case attorney. (Lacayo, 1992) However, it is very hard to blame attorneys in general. According to the article, an Atlanta private attorney may be being paid $75 an hour, while a court appointed lawyer will make about $30. States like Alabama make it even worse by placing a limit on how much a court appointed

Humanities Paper Essays

Humanities Paper Essays Humanities Paper Essay Humanities Paper Essay Humanistic disciplines is a subject that has so many wide-ranged significance in respects to historical literature and humanistic disciplines. After carry oning much needed research on the subject at manus. the writer will discourse their informational findings in a research paper. In this paper. the writer will specify the significance of humanistic disciplines. discourse a cultural event that has been experienced such as music. dance. theatre. art. literature. etc. The writer will so lucubrate on how a peculiar event was an look of what he/she knew about the humanistic disciplines. art. manner. mastermind. and civilization of the clip period it represents. Finally the writer will explicate how the selected signifier of cultural look comparisons with other signifiers he/she know about from the same clip period. Hopefully after reading this paper. the audience will hold a better cognition about Humanistic disciplines in the Past. Present. and Future. Humanistic disciplines Humanistic disciplines can be really abroad. but one of the significances of humanistic disciplines. harmonizing to the American Heritage Dictionary. is Those subdivisions of cognition. such as doctrine. literature. and art. that are concerned with human idea and civilization ; the broad arts ( American Dictionary. 2000 ) . Culture is a large portion of humanistic disciplines. These forms. traits. and merchandises are considered as the looks of a peculiar period. category. community. or population ( American heritage lexicon. 2000 ) . Humanities has truly helped paved the manner for future enterprises such as the manner we think. behavior ourselves. and the manner we observe things. Choose a cultural event you have experienced. such as music. dance. theatre. art. literature. or others. 3 Specifying the Humanities Paper Turning up in Louisiana. I have had the award and pleasance of sing many cultural events. but I must state my favourite cultural experience would hold to be music. Music is one of the many ways I could get away from the convulsion in the universe. In high school I was in the choir and my favourite instrument at the clip was the piano. I use to take the choir and sometimes. I was able to execute a solo piece while playing my piano. This was a great experience for me because I had an mercantile establishment to show myself without even talking. My high school choir had the award of executing at a nursing place in St. Francisville where there were a batch of vocalists. ex-musicians. and terpsichoreans who were in the choir and performed around Louisiana merely like my school. They truly enjoyed our public presentation and they shared great narratives about the times when they were in high school in the choir. and how music has changed since their yearss of playing music. Explain how your selected event was an look of what you know about the humanistic disciplines. art. manner. mastermind. and civilization of the clip period it represents. I learned so much about the look of humanistic disciplines merely by listening to the older persons talk about their experiences and the different ways they made music. They did non hold the usage of different instruments like we have now back in their twenty-four hours. These persons made music with whatever they had and enjoyed every minute of it. They besides expressed their concerns about the schools extinguishing the music plans. they feel that they are taking art and freedom of expression off from our young person in the schools. Discuss how your selected signifier of cultural look comparisons with other signifiers you know about from the same clip period. 4 Specifying the Humanities Paper By listening to the aged persons at the nursing place it truly gave me some penetration on the cultural look I chose which was Music . It showed me merely by listening to each of them that music was relevant merely every bit much so as it is now. They merely had a different manner of doing music and showing themselves while making so. They made music with cups. pails. washboards. keys. and anything that made some sort of noise. In today’s society. we now have advanced engineering which allows each one of us to hold entree to different instruments. such as the piano. guitar. membranophones. etc. Although the aged persons did non hold entree to the instruments we have today. they still appreciated what they had. Decision In decision. after carry oning research on the subject at manus. the writer discussed their informational findings. The writer defined the significance of humanistic disciplines. discussed a cultural event that was experienced such as music. dance. theatre. art. literature. etc. The writer so elaborated on how a peculiar event was an look of what he/she knew about the humanistic disciplines. art. manner. mastermind. and civilization of the clip period it represents. Finally the writer explained how the selected signifier of cultural look comparisons with other signifiers that he/she knew about from the same clip period. Hopefully after reading this paper. the audience now have a better cognition about Humanistic disciplines in the Past. Present. and Future. 5 Specifying the Humanities Paper Reference World Wide Web. ahdictionary. com/ .

Understanding lab tests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Understanding lab tests - Essay Example Every Year nearly 1.5 million individuals in the U.S. suffer a heart attack (Acute Myocardial Infarction) and of these approximately 500,000 die. Ischemic Heart Disease is the principal cause of death in the U.S."This can be achieved by adding cardiac biomarkers in the artillery. ECG is the primary diagnostic tool which is nearly 100% specific but sensitivity is only63-82%. Gold standard of investigation for detecting Acute Myocardial Infarction is CK-MB; Cardiac specific Troponin can be added to this for better results. Coronary artery disease to a major degree is due to atheroma and its complications mainly thrombosis. Elevated LDL cholesterol is the single contributor of atherosclerosis LDLc, gets deposited in subendothilial layer of intima of the artery. This deposited LDLc can be removed from the site by HDL. But when triglycerides increases it is associated with decrease in HDL, this decrease in HDL cannot effectively remove LDL, thus helping atherosclerosis.LDLc as such cannot initiate inflammatory response. It needs to be oxidized, which is .brought about by free oxygen radicals. The rise in oxidized LDL in sub -endothelial layer increases the oxidized LDL in the blood and is a highly sensitive index of atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL causes release of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule from endothelial cells. This causes adhesion of monocytes to endothelial layer. Oxidized LDL also causes release of Monocyte Chemo Attractant Protein1 (MCP1) which facilitates entry of monocytes into sub endothelia l tissue. Here they converted into macrophages .They absorb cholesterol to form foam cells. The oxidized LDL also gets absorbed on to the surface receptors of the scavenger cells. These foam cells accumulate beneath the sub -endothelial layer of the arteries to form fatty streaks. The foam cells then liberate some factors which cause migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells; these surround the foam cells and induce formation of collagen. The foam cells eventually die off liberating cholesterol in the cavity. Thus atheroma has a central core of cholesterol with a fibrous cap. http://images.medscape.com/pi/editorial/cmecircle/2002/2036/figure-2-large.jpg The free oxygen radicals cause endothelial dysfunction by inactivating released nitric oxide and inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis. The endothelial dysfunction contributes to atherosclerosis since normal endothelium releases nitric oxide which in turn inhibits VCAM. Diabetes, smoking, hyper tension, hyper homocysteinemia and increased LDL cholesterol all contribute to oxidative stress. Thus atherosclerotic artery disease begins with a fatty streak on the blood vessel surface which may enlarge to form fatty plaque. The subsequent narrowing of the arteries may eventually lead to disruption of the plaque and to thrombus formation with further reduction of blood flow, thus paving the way for acute myocardial infarction. Complete obstruction of blood results in myocardial necrosis within 20 minutes with maximum irreversible injury occurring within 6 hours. So the restoration of blood flow to the damaged myocardium within two hours but not later than 6 hours can salvage it. http://labs.ansci.uiuc.edu/meatscience/Library/309%20lipid%20transport.gif http://medtech.hcu.ac.th/pic/lipid.jpg Lipid profile Lipid profile is a group of tests to find out the level of LDL, VLDL, HDL, Triglycerides, Total Cholesterol, and T.Cholesterol / HDL ratio. This is used alone or in combination with other risk factors like age, gender, BP, smoking in Framingham score or along with other biomarkers in predicting the risk of a/c Myocardial Infarction. This is a simple blood test .Patient is advised to come on empty stomach

A piece of writing of Graphene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

A piece of writing of Graphene - Essay Example The interesting thing about graphene is that it has huge power along with adequate electrical conductivity and elasticity. Graphene is actually a significantly huge aromatic molecule. Graphite can get its crystalline form by combining a number of sheets of graphene together. Graphene is regarded as the most fundamental structural component of a few carbon allotropes. For example, graphene lays the basis of graphite, fullerenes, charcoal, etc. The discovery of graphene has immense significance as various new possibilities of research in the area of physics have opened up. Researches in graphene have also helped in opening up huge scopes of its application in high-tech fields. Graphene is considered to be one of the most potential and adaptable components that have ever discovered in the area of physics. (Geim; 2009; Sakamoto 2009). The production of Graphene: Graphene can be separated from graphite as an isolated plane of carbon atoms. People now know that a minute portion of graphene sheet can be produced by abrading graphite. For example, one can get a tiny piece of graphene sheet when one draws a line on paper with a pencil. (Geim; 2009). During the year of 2008, the production of graphene used to be done by exfoliation. This graphene produced through such exfoliation was considered to be one of the most costly components in this world as this component which so small that can be placed on a tiny portion of the cross section of human hair did costs around as much as $1000 in 2008. Since, 2008, the process of exfoliation has been increased and various companies are now selling graphene in huge amount. Researchers have also discovered cheaper version of graphene (Segal, 2009). For example, Korean researchers have produced cheap graphene through the process of transfer of nickel. Graphene can, in fact, be produced by employing different types of methods. Some of the production processes of graphene are listed below: Producing Graphene through Drawing Method: The drawing method is actually a modified version of exfoliation method. Earlier, in this method, a solid tape was used to repetitively divide crystals of graphite into more thin prices to form graphene. The extremely thin flakes of Graphene then used to be dissolved in liquid acetone and after a few steps they were to be sedimented. Over time, the technique of drawing graphene from graphite has been simplified. Particularly, major modification has been done in the step of disposition. Instead of making graphene floating in acetone, the scientists have started to use the method of dry disposition of flakes. (Geim and Novoselov, 2007) Production through heating silicon carbide: Another popular process of producing graphene is heating silicon carbide at a high temperature in order to reduce it to graphene. In this process silicon carbide is heated at more that 1100 degree centigrade. In this method, the dimension of the graphene produced depends on the dimension of the silicon wafer. The face of the silicon wafer which is utilized for the formation of graphene, has significant capacity to influence the density and the level of mobility of graphene. If graphene is produced using this method, then a number of properties of graphene can clearly be visualized. For example, in the graphene produced through heating silicon carbide a kind of feeble anti-localization of the component can be

Four stages of the learning cycle Essay Example for Free

Four stages of the learning cycle Essay During our final chapter, we discussed the four stages of the learning cycle. The four stages of transformational learning are as follows: recognizing a significant problem, confronting it intensely, finding a solution, then integrating a new perspective and a new set of assumptions into ones’ life pattern. I think that a lot of times people go through life not realizing when they have a problem. Therefore, acknowledging your problem is most definitely the first step in learning from it. When you realize that there is a problem, you must confront the problem head on to find a solution. Once you have found a solution, you need to incorporate it into your life. These four stages are important in any learning experience. The transformational experience that I will use for my example is very personal. I used to be in a very abusive marriage. My marriage was damaging to me as a person, and damaging to my children because it prohibited me from making anything of myself. I would always make excuses for my lack of productivity, stating that I couldn’t do anything with my life because my husband wouldn’t let me. Finally, in 2011, I realized that I was wasting my life. The only thing that my daughter was ever going to learn from me, was how to let someone else run there life and impact her choices. We would never have had a normal life! When I realized what I was doing to myself and to my kids, I knew that I had a significant problem. I confronted the problem, and I was very intense about it. I tried marriage counseling, personal counseling, and biblical counseling. I tried talking with my ex, and I sought advice from many people whom I really believed could help. After exhausting my resources, I knew that the only logical solution was to take my children out of the abusive situation and start from scratch. I chose to go first to the police for help, and then to battered women’s shelter. The women’s shelter helped us to move away and start over. I have now been away from him for a little over two years, and I am in my first healthy relationship. By integrating my new perception, I was able to go farther in the past year than I ever did in all of the years of my former relationship. I am now a business owner, I am in school, and I am getting married to a wonderful man who loves me and my children. My children now get to grow up in a loving family and a healthy environment. I am now able to say with confidence that I am doing my best to be an example for them. This was most definitely a transformational learning experience for me. I think that in my experience the main stage that applied in my life, was the integration stage. It is often easier to recognize a problem, and even to find a solution, than it is to follow through on change. Often times the follow through is not so simple. There were numerous times during that relationship where I knew the problem, and the solution was apparent, however I didn’t believe in myself to integrate the solution it into my life. I believe that truly integrating a new perspective, and changing your assumptions is a very difficult stage to master. I am glad that I was able to make it through that final stage, and to become the person I am today. I still have a long way to go, but I am proud to be so far from who I once was.

Dwarfism Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Dwarfism Although people are different in many ways, few differences are more obvious than dwarfism. Because dwarfism is relatively rare, not many worry about unprejudiced treatment of dwarfs.But dwarfs deal with the same issues as â€Å"normal† people, while also trying to overcome the problems posed by their abnormally small height. The novel Stones from the River makes us aware of these problems and raises questions:What is dwarfism?And how do dwarfs feel about their conditions? And how does people’s treatment of dwarfs affect their outlook on society in general? â€Å"Dwarfism† is a term used to describe the condition of those whose bodies are significantly smaller than the average person’s.A dwarf may suffer from medical problems, which can lead to many deformities and complications throughout life.The deformities of some dwarfs, according to the Little People’s Research Fund website, can lead to extensive disabilities, paralysis, and even death.Over one and a half million people in the United States suffer from some condition of dwarfism (Billy Barty).What many do not know, however, is that most dwarfs are born to families that have no history of dwarfism in their families. There are many different types of dwarfism that researchers have confirmed today, but there still are many genes for dwarfism that remain unidentified.The most common of these known causes is achondroplasia, a bone growth disorder.The Little People Online website states that most dwarfs who suffer from achondroplasia are born to â€Å"average-size† parents, and that their birth rate is somewhere between onein26,000-40,000www.lpaonline.org).The main characteristics of this form of dwarfism are normal trunk size with short appendages, irregularly large heads wi... ...e dealing with her own emotional turmoil over accepting herself for who she is.Trudi, like other dwarfs of the past and present, is forced to accept who she is. Works Cited The Billy Barty Foundation.Online.Internet.10 Oct. 2000.Available:http://www.lprf.org/dwarfism.html DrKoop.com.Online.Internet.Medical Encyclopedia.9 Oct. 2000.Available: http://www.drkoop.com/conditions/ency/article/001247.htm Hegi, Ursula.Stones from the River.New York:Simon & Schuster, 1994. The Human Genome Project.Online.Internet.Personal Experiences.10 Oct. 2000. Available:http://mcet.edu/genome/issuesandethics/personal/dwarfism.html Little People of America, Inc..Online.Internet.10 Oct. 2000.Available: http://www.lpaonline.org/resources_dwarftypes.html Little People’s Research Fund, Inc.Online.Internet.10 Oct. 2000.Available: http://www.lprf.org/dwarfism.html

14 Points Woodrow Wilson

President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points On January 8, 1918 President Woodrow Wilson gave a proposal to Congress which outlined the post World War I peace treaty later negotiated at the Paris Peace Conference, and in the Treaty of Versailles. The fourteen points were intended to generate support for Wilson’s vision of the postwar world, both home & also among allies in Europe. The president hoped that the promise of a just peace would be embraced by the populations in enemy nations and generates momentum for ending the war. When comparing Avalon Project ( primary) & History World (secondary) documents for Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points, I found that the primary document is the actually proposal. There is nothing creative about it. It is just what Wilson stated. When reading the primary I had no understanding of what was being presented to both houses of Congress. In Wilson perspective it was for the Congress, to discuss the objects of the war and the possible basis of a general peace. As, I read the secondary source document, I fully understood the proposal. The writer generated this version for the people. He shortened and paraphrased it but, I was able to understand the document. Indeed the Avalon Project (primary) version was more information then what was needed because he was presenting it to Congress so it had to be in a certain form & most important professionally presented. That document is more of the original. So it is supposed to be more into details. With the History World (secondary) version the information w